·1600 ·
通过模型试验评估支撑开挖场地附近的
地面和建筑物沉降
王伟轩
（中铁十八局集团北京工程有限公司，100162，北京）
摘 要： 基坑支护难免会造成相邻地面的变形和支护墙体相邻建筑物的沉降，开挖面横向移动地基土刚
度降低，建筑物会产生附加沉降。针对量化建筑物的附加沉降量进行了模型试验，以确定改变建筑物的埋深
和基坑距离对结构产生附加沉降量的影响。结果表明，地面上有建筑物的沉降量比地面上没有建筑物的沉降
量高出5倍。当建筑物嵌入地面，附加沉降会降低，如果建筑物嵌入深度超过开挖深度的一半，建筑物的附
加沉降便可以忽略不计。为了估测开挖基坑附近的建筑物需要的土壤加固区范围进行了补充模型试验，当建
筑物重心位于开挖影响区时，应进行土壤加固以减少建筑物沉降的结论，调整建筑物与支护墙体的距离，使
其与开挖深度相当，并以此确定土壤加固区的范围。
关键词： 基坑开挖支护；地面附加沉降量；土壤加固
中图分类号：TU 13 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-4726(2023)13-1600-05
SETTLEMENT EVALUATION OF GROUND AND BUILDING NEAR SUPPORT EXCAVATION
SITE THROUGH MODEL TESTING
WANG Wei-xuan
(China Railway 18th Bureau Group Beijing Engineering Co., Ltd., 100162, Beijing, China)
Abstract: The deformation of the adjacent ground and the settlement of the adjacent buildings
behind the retaining walls are inevitable, and the lateral movement of the excavation face reduces the
stiffness of the foundation soil and the building will produce additional settlement. In order to quantify
the additional settlement of the building, we carried out model tests to change the depth of the
building buried in the ground and the impact of the distance to the foundation. The results show that
the settlement of buildings on the ground is 5 times higher than that of no buildings on the ground.
When the building is embedded in the ground, the additional settlement can be effectively reduced.
If the embedded depth of the building is more than half of the excavation depth, the additional
settlement of the building can be ignored. In order to estimate the area of soil reinforcement needed
to protect the building near the excavation pit, we also conducted supplementary model tests and
learned that when the center of gravity of the building is located in the excavation affected area and
soil reinforcement should be carried out to reduce the settlement of the building. We also need to
determine the scope of the soil reinforcement area by adjusting the distance between the building and
the supporting wall equal to the depth of excavation.
Keywords: foundation pit excavation and support; additional ground settlement; soil reinforcement
城市地区的基坑开挖设计应包括地基变形的估算
和基坑支护墙的稳定性校核 [1-2]。在估算开挖地点附
近的地面移动时，通常把地面的沉降和地面上的建筑
物当作一个整体。然而，地面横向移动导致地面沉降
和土壤刚度降低，建筑物的重量和地基土刚度变化，
会产生附加沉降 [3–5] 。为了证实这一推测，进行了基
坑开挖支护的模型试验，以确定结构产生的附加沉降
量和建筑物地面的埋深的变化，以及基坑距离对结构
附加沉降量的影响。
通过采用相同的模型试验方法进行了一系列的补
充模型试
通过模型试验评估支撑开挖场地附近的地面和建筑物沉降（论文）.pdf
